Industry 5.0 also called the fifth Industrial Revolution reflect a shift of focus from economic to social approach, where humans and machines work in synergy for sustainable development, fostering an entrepreneurial mindset among the younger generation becomes critical. The digital era demands individuals who exhibit a range of personal attributes that not only drive their professional growth but also contribute to societal and economic advancement.  Attributes such as passion for goals, a spirit of adventure, self-confidence, creativity, persistence, and the willingness to take initiative are considered essential for nurturing an entrepreneurial orientation, particularly in the context of a globally connected and innovation-driven economy. To understand the development of an entrepreneurial mindset, this study seeks to explore the correlations between the key personal attributes among young adults aged 19-22 years. Furthermore, the study examines gender-based differences in these attributes, which may influence entrepreneurial orientation. Understanding these differences is crucial for designing inclusive entrepreneurial programs that cater to diverse needs.

Additionally, the study investigates the association between a respondent's regional background (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and their family profession. This regional analysis can shed light on how cultural and socio-economic factors influence the entrepreneurial tendencies of individuals. This aims of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping the entrepreneurial potential of young adults using by using statistical methods such as Spearman rank correlation analysis, non-parametric test like Mann-Whitney U test, and the chi-square test. The outcome of this study will be helpful for educators, policymakers, and business leaders in fostering entrepreneurial mindsets that align with the goals of Industry 5.0 and contribute to sustainable development.

Entrepreneurship plays a pivotal role in shaping economic landscapes across both developed and developing countries. In developed economies, it serves as a crucial tool for rejuvenating stagnant markets through innovative and value-driven ventures (Gurol & Atsan, 2006). Conversely, for developing countries, entrepreneurship is significantly contributing in economic growth, creation of jobs, innovation, and social improvement (Reynolds et al., 2002; Awasthi et al., 2006). A key concept that has emerged in recent research is the entrepreneurial mindset (EMS). This concept, although promising, remains underdeveloped and lacks a unified framework. The current understanding of EMS is fragmented, with its dimensions often overlapping with other constructs (Dagmar et al., 2021). This gap highlights the need for more comprehensive research to establish a clear and cohesive EMS framework. India is anticipated to become the world’s largest economy by 2050 and to achieve this goal, its actively working to foster an entrepreneurial culture. The draft national entrepreneurship policy focuses on fostering motivation, creating opportunities, and enhancing skills to combat unemployment and poverty. A crucial element of this strategy is early engagement with youth to instill an entrepreneurial mindset (Chaudhary, 2017). However, there is a scarcity of detailed studies on how specific traits, such as passion, persistence, and proactiveness, are developed in young adults. This represents a significant research gap in understanding how these traits can be effectively nurtured from an early age. Family businesses, which have long been a cornerstone of both economic and social structures, continue to play a significant role (Hacker & Dowling, 2012; Jahmurataj et al., 2023). The study has identified the key dimensions contributing to the entrepreneurial mindset, including action-orientation, innovativeness, resilience, and persistence (Krueger, 2015). These traits are essential for understanding entrepreneurial success, yet there remains limited exploration into how these traits vary by gender and region. Persistence, the ability to persevere despite challenges, is a well-documented trait crucial for entrepreneurial success. Entrepreneurs who exhibit high levels of persistence are often better positioned to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals (Nour Abdullah, 2023). Similarly, optimism among entrepreneurs is linked to higher performance expectations and a greater willingness to undertake risky projects (Chen et al., 2018). Despite this, research into how these traits differ between genders and across regions, such as between Gujarat and non-Gujarat areas, is sparse. Understanding these variations are important for the insights into the influence of gender and regional context on entrepreneurial behavior. Passion, defined as intense positive emotions related to entrepreneurial activities, is another important factor (Cardon et al., 2009). Proactiveness, which includes anticipatory and self-initiated behavior in the marketplace, is characterized by traits such as boldness and competitive aggressiveness (Adokiye et al., 2017). However, there is a need for further research into how these traits are developed and how they interact with other entrepreneurial characteristics. The rise of Industry revolution 4.0 and Industry 5.0, both are contributing to the  new business opportunities that require skills like analytical thinking and innovation. These skills are more commonly found in entrepreneurs than in traditional manufacturing workers (Rene Bennyson, 2023). Yet, there is limited research on how digital transformation impacts the development of entrepreneurial traits. Exploring this connection could shed light on how emerging technologies influence entrepreneurial behavior and mindset. Though a significant development has taken place in understanding entrepreneurial traits and behaviors, several research gaps remain. These include the need for a unified EMS framework, deeper insights into trait development in youth, gender-based differences, regional influences, and the impact of digital transformation. Addressing these gaps could enhance our understanding of entrepreneurship and lead to more effective policies and educational programs.

Objectives

• To analyse the association between the respondent's state of origin (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and their family profession using the chi-square test.
• To analyse the correlations between key personal attributes, such as passion for goals, spirit of adventure, need to achieve, self-confidence, innovativeness, goal orientation, persistence, hard work, positive thinking, and willingness to take initiative.
• To examine gender-based differences in key personal attributes, such as passion for goals, spirit of adventure, need to achieve, self-confidence, innovativeness, goal orientation, persistence, hardworking behavior, positive thinking, and willingness to take initiative.

This study involved a sample of 242 final-year undergraduate students, aged 19 to 21, who were on the brink of making significant career decisions. The participants were from various regions within Gujarat and other states, representing a mix of male and female students from diverse family backgrounds. Data collection was conducted online via a survey distributed through email and social media platforms. The survey was designed to assess various entrepreneurial traits, including passion for goals, spirit of adventure, need to achieve, self-confidence, innovativeness, creativity, goal orientation, persistence, hardworking behaviour, positive thinking, and willingness to take initiative.

For data analysis, several non-parametric statistical methods were employed:

• Spearman’s Rank-Order Correlation To examine the relationships among different entrepreneurial traits, Spearman’s rank order correlation was performed. The analysis focused on identifying correlations between attributes such as passion for goals and need to achieve, self-confidence and persistence, and innovativeness and goal orientation, among others.
• Mann-Whitney U Test To explore differences in different entrepreneurial traits  Mann-Whitney U test across three grouping variables: gender, state of origin (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat), and family business background (from a business family vs. non-business family). This test provided insights into how these variables influence attributes such as innovativeness, persistence, and positive thinking.
• Chi-Square Test to investigate the association Chi² was applied between state of origin (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and their family profession. The aim was to identify any significant relationships between geographic location and family background.

Data cleaning was done before applying these tests. To ensure the integrity of the dataset missing responses and outliers were identified and addressed. The data were then coded and analyzed using statistical software, ensuring accurate interpretation of how entrepreneurial traits relate to gender, regional differences, and family business background.

Hypothesis 1:

Hypothesis (H₀): The data for each personal attribute (Passion for goals, Spirit of adventure, Strong need to achieve, Self-confidence and self-reliance, Innovativeness and creativity, Goal orientation, Persistence, Hardworking and energetic, Positive thinking, Willingness to take initiative) are normally distributed.

Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): The data for each personal attribute (listed above) are not normally distributed.

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Table 1: Normality Testing

In both the tests the p-values are less than 0.05 hence we reject the null hypothesis (H₀) for all personal attributes. This means that the data for each personal attribute are not normally distributed. Therefore, non-parametric tests should be considered for further analysis involving these attributes.

Correlation Analysis

1. Hypothesis H01:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Passion for goals" and "Strong need to achieve."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a positive correlation between "Passion for goals" and "Strong need to achieve."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.466\rho = 0.466ρ=466 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, indicating a significant positive relationship.

2. Hypothesis H02:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Self-confidence and self-reliance" and "Persistence."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a positive correlation between "Self-confidence and self-reliance" and "Persistence."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.386\rho = 0.386ρ=386 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, suggesting a significant positive relationship.

3. Hypothesis H03:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Innovativeness and creativity" and "Goal Orientation."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Innovativeness and creativity" and "Goal Orientation."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.352\rho = 0.352ρ=352 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, indicating a significant positive relationship.

4. Hypothesis H04:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Positive thinking" and "Willingness to take initiative."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Positive thinking" and "Willingness to take initiative."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.401\rho = 0.401ρ=401 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, suggesting a significant positive relationship.

5. Hypothesis H05:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Spirit of adventure" and "Innovativeness and creativity."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Spirit of adventure" and "Innovativeness and creativity."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.077\rho = 0.077ρ=077 (Spearman’s rho), not significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, indicating no substantial relationship.

6. Hypothesis H06:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): No sig. correlation exist between "Hardworking and energetic" and "Persistence."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Hardworking and energetic" and "Persistence."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.411\rho = 0.411ρ=411 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, indicating a significant positive relationship.

7. Hypothesis H07:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant correlation between "Goal Orientation" and "Strong need to achieve."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Goal Orientation" and "Strong need to achieve."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.202\rho = 0.202ρ=202 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, suggesting a positive relationship.

8. Hypothesis H08:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no sig. correlation between "Self-confidence and self-reliance" and "Hardworking and energetic."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Self-confidence and self-reliance" and "Hardworking and energetic."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.319\rho = 0.319ρ=319 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, indicating a significant positive relationship.

9. Hypothesis H09:

• Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant correlation between "Willingness to take initiative" and "Positive thinking."
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a sig. positive correlation between "Willingness to take initiative" and "Positive thinking."
• Analysis: The correlation coefficient is ρ=0.401\rho = 0.401ρ=401 (Spearman’s rho), significant at α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, suggesting a significant positive relationship.

Summary

• Significant Positive Correlations: The H01, H02, H03, H04, H06, H07, H08, H09 are supported by the data, showing significant positive relationships among various attributes.
• Non-significant Correlations: The null hypotheses (H05) are supported by the data, indicating no significant relationships where expected.

• Null Hypothesis (H₀₂): There is no sig. difference in innovativeness and creativity between different genders.
• Alternative Hypothesis (H₁₂): There is a significant difference in innovativeness and creativity between different genders.

Mann-Whitney U test Analysis

The Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine whether there are differences in innovativeness and creativity between genders. The test statistics are as follows:

• Mann-Whitney U: 6284.000
• Wilcoxon W: 12839.000
• Z: -2.008
• Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed): 0.045

Key Interpretation:

• Innovativeness and Creativity (p = 0.045):

• Result: The p-value is less than 0.05, indicating a marginally significant difference between genders in innovativeness and creativity.
• Conclusion: The null hypothesis (H₀₂) is rejected, supporting the alternative hypothesis (H₁₂). This suggests that there is a statistically significant gender difference in innovativeness and creativity, meaning that male and female participants exhibit different levels of these attributes.

Overall Summary of Findings

The analysis indicates that, among the various personal attributes examined, innovativeness and creativity, as well as positive thinking, show significant differences between genders. The rejection of H₀₂ in favour of H₁₂ highlights the role gender may play in influencing how individuals express creativity and innovation, which could be relevant in both academic and professional settings.

Mann-Whitney U Test Results by State of Origin

Hypotheses:

• H₀₃: No significant difference in traits between individuals from Gujarat and Non-Gujarat.
• H₁₃: Significant difference in traits between individuals from Gujarat and Non-Gujarat.

1. Passion for Goals: U = 4505.000, Z = -0.390, p = 0.697. No significant difference.
2. Spirit of Adventure: U = 4481.000, Z = -0.431, p = 0.666. No significant difference.
3. Strong Need to Achieve: U = 3996.000, Z = -1.667, p = 0.096. Marginal, non-significant trend.
4. Self-confidence and Self-reliance: U = 4537.500, Z = -0.293, p = 0.770. No significant difference.
5. Innovativeness and Creativity: U = 4651.500, Z = -0.011, p = 0.991. No significant difference.
6. Goal Orientation: U = 3124.000, Z = -3.733, p = 0.000. Significant difference.
7. Persistence: U = 3795.000, Z = -2.156, p = 0.031. Significant difference.
8. Hardworking and Energetic: U = 3594.500, Z = -2.641, p = 0.008. Significant difference.
9. Positive Thinking: U = 4379.500, Z = -0.676, p = 0.499. No significant difference.
10. Willingness to Take Initiative: U = 4409.000, Z = -0.607, p = 0.544. No significant difference.

Significant differences were found in Goal Orientation, Persistence, and Hardworking and Energetic traits between individuals from Gujarat and Non-Gujarat. Other traits did not show significant differences, though a marginal trend was observed for the Strong Need to Achieve.

Mann-Whitney U Test Results by Family Business Background

Hypotheses:

• H₀₄: There is no significant difference in the trait between individuals from family businesses and those not from family businesses.
• H₁₄: There is a significant difference in the trait between individuals from family businesses and those not from family businesses.

Results and Interpretation:

1. Passion for Goals: U = 6537.000, Z = -1.392, p = 0.164. No significant difference.
2. Spirit of Adventure: U = 7033.000, Z = -0.347, p = 0.729. No significant difference.
3. Strong Need to Achieve: U = 7000.000, Z = -0.422, p = 0.673. No significant difference.
4. Self-Confidence and Self-Reliance: U = 7060.000, Z = -0.294, p = 0.769. No significant difference.
5. Innovativeness and Creativity: U = 7063.500, Z = -0.289, p = 0.773. No significant difference.
6. Goal Orientation: U = 7168.500, Z = -0.077, p = 0.938. No significant difference.
7. Persistence: U = 6960.000, Z = -0.499, p = 0.618. No significant difference.
8. Hardworking and Energetic: U = 6690.500, Z = -1.035, p = 0.301. No significant difference.
9. Positive Thinking: U = 7152.000, Z = -0.110, p = 0.912. No significant difference.
10. Willingness to Take Initiative: U = 7062.000, Z = -0.288, p = 0.773. No significant difference.

For all traits, including Passion for Goals, Spirit of Adventure, Strong Need to Achieve, Self-Confidence and Self-Reliance, Innovativeness and Creativity, Goal Orientation, Persistence, Hardworking and Energetic, Positive Thinking, and Willingness to Take Initiative, the p-values are greater than 0.05, indicating no significant differences between individuals from family businesses and those not from family businesses.

Crosstabulation and chi-square test

1. Null Hypothesis (H₀): There is no significant association between the origin state (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and parent occupation (Business, Professional, Service).
2. Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): There is a significant association between the origin state (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and parent occupation (Business, Professional, Service).

Summary:

• The chi-square analysis shows that there is no significant association between the origin state (Gujarat vs. Non-Gujarat) and parent occupation (Business, Professional, Service).
• The results suggest that the distribution of parent occupations is similar across the origin states considered in the analysis.

This study provides valuable insights into the entrepreneurial mindset among young adults, focusing on how personal traits, gender, and regional influences shape entrepreneurial tendencies.

1. Entrepreneurial Traits Are Interrelated: The study highlights significant correlations between key entrepreneurial attributes such as passion for goals, need to achieve, persistence, and self-confidence. This suggests that individuals who possess one entrepreneurial trait are likely to exhibit others, reinforcing the idea that entrepreneurial qualities are interconnected and mutually supportive.
2. Minimal Influence of Family Background: There was no significant association between state of origin and family profession, indicating that the profession of one's family does not strongly influence entrepreneurial traits. Similarly, there were no major differences in entrepreneurial traits based on whether the individual came from a family business background or not.
3. Gender Differences in Certain Traits: Gender-based differences were observed, particularly in innovativeness and positive thinking, with females showing higher levels in these areas. However, most other entrepreneurial traits, such as persistence and self-confidence, did not differ significantly between genders, suggesting that both men and women exhibit similar entrepreneurial potential.
4. Regional Variations in Key Traits: Respondents from Gujarat showed higher levels of goal orientation, persistence, and hardworking behavior compared to those from other regions, implying that regional factors may influence the development of specific entrepreneurial attributes.

In conclusion, while entrepreneurial traits are largely universal, certain factors such as gender and regional background can influence the development of specific qualities. These findings underscore the importance of personalized approaches in nurturing entrepreneurial talent, recognizing the need for tailored interventions based on regional and gender-specific characteristics.

1. Abdullah, N. The Impact of Entrepreneurial Mindset on the. Operations, Strategy, and Entrepreneurship Group, Essex Business School, University of Essex, 2023.
2. Adokiye, J., Alagah, A. D., and B. C. Onuoha. "Entrepreneurial Mindset and Organizational Success in SMEs in Rivers State." International Journal of Advanced Research and Publication, vol. 1, no. 5, 2017, pp. 28–39.
3. Akilandeeswari, S. V., et al. "Transforming E-commerce: Unleashing the Potential of Dynamic Pricing Optimization through Artificial Intelligence for Strategic Management." Migration Letters, vol. 21, no. S3, 2024, pp. 1250–1260.
4. Bhide, Amar. "The Questions Every Entrepreneur Must Answer." Harvard Business Review, vol. 74, 1996, pp. 120–132.
5. Blundel, Richard, Nigel Lockett, and Catherine Wang. Exploring Entrepreneurship. Sage, 2017.
6. Breznik, Kristina, and Kenneth Law. "Impacts of Innovativeness and Attitude on Entrepreneurial Intention: Among Engineering and Non-engineering Students." Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht, vol. 27, 2016, pp. 683–700.
7. Cardon, Melissa S., Robert Sudek, and Cheryl Mitteness. "The Impact of Perceived Entrepreneurial Passion on Angel Investing." Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, vol. 29, no. 2, 2009, pp. 1–15.
8. Carton, Robert B., Charles W. Hofer, and Michael D. Meeks. "The Entrepreneur and Entrepreneurship: Operational Definitions of Their Role in Society." Annual International Council for Small Business Conference, Singapore, 1998, pp. 1–12.
9. Chaudhary, Richa. "Demographic Factors, Personality and Entrepreneurial Inclination: A Study Among Indian University Students." Education + Training, vol. 59, no. 2, 2017, pp. 171–187.
10. Chen, Xiaoping, Xi Yao, and Suresh Kotha. "Entrepreneur Passion and Preparedness in Business Plan Presentations: A Persuasion Analysis of Venture Capitalists’ Funding Decisions." Academy of Management Journal, vol. 52, no. 1, 2009, pp. 199–214.
11. Chesbrough, Henry William. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology. Harvard Business Press, 2003.
12. Clarke, Jean. "Revitalizing Entrepreneurship: How Visual Symbols Are Used in Entrepreneurial Performances." Journal of Management Studies, vol. 48, no. 6, 2011, pp. 1365–1391.
13. Khanum, F., and Pooja Nagpal. "A Study on Corporate Entrepreneurship Drivers and Its Outcome." Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, vol. 7, no. 15, 2019, pp. 152–158.
14. Gurol, Yucel, and Nuray Atsan. "Entrepreneurial Characteristics Amongst University Students: Some Insights for Entrepreneurship Education and Training in Turkey." Education + Training, vol. 48, no. 1, 2006, pp. 25–38.
15. Shankar, Gowri, et al. "Revolution Agri-Food Systems: Leveraging Digital Innovations for Equitable Sustainability and Resilience." African Journal of Biological Sciences (South Africa), vol. 6, no. 8, 2024, pp. 520–530. https://doi.org/10.33472/AFJBS.6.8.2024.520-530.
16. Bargavi, N., et al. "Circular Economy Towards Sustainable Businesses: Exploring Factors Shaping Adoption and Implementation Barriers." Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, vol. 30, no. 3, 2023, pp. 813–819.
17. Hacker, Jason, and Michael Dowling. "Succession in Family Firms: How to Improve Family Satisfaction and Family Harmony." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, vol. 15, no. 1, 2012, pp. 76–99.
18. Hussain, Tahir, Aftab Hashmi, and Muhammad Gilani. "Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship: An Exploration of Technology Education Students." Bulletin of Education and Research, vol. 40, no. 1, 2018, pp. 131–139.
19. Jacoby, Jacob. "Stimulus‐Organism‐Response Reconsidered: An Evolutionary Step in Modeling (Consumer) Behavior." Journal of Consumer Psychology, vol. 12, no. 1, 2002, pp. 51–57.
20. Jahmurataj, Veton, et al. "Unveiling the Determining Factors of Family Business Longevity: Evidence from Kosovo." Journal of Business Research, vol. 159, Apr. 2023, 113745.
21. Kumar, Senthil, and Pooja Nagpal. "A Study on Drivers and Outcomes of Employee Engagement: A Review of Literature Approach." Asia Pacific Journal of Research, vol. 2320, 2018, p. 5504.
22. Kozubíková, Ludmila, et al. "Important Characteristics of an Entrepreneur in Relation to Risk Taking: Czech Republic Case Study." Journal of International Studies, 2017.
23. Krueger, Norris F. Entrepreneurship360: The Entrepreneurial Mindset. OECD Publishing, 2015.
24. Lakshmi, J. D., R. Devi, and Pooja Nagpal. "Stress and Behavioral Analysis of Employees Using Statistical and Correlation Methods." International Journal of Aquatic Science, vol. 12, no. 1, 2021, pp. 275–281.
25. Malebana, Mokhudu J. "Entrepreneurial Intentions and Entrepreneurial Motivation of South African Rural University Students." Journal of Economics and Behavioural Studies, vol. 6, no. 9, 2014, pp. 700–709.
26. Mansour, Ibrahim H. F. "Gender Differences in Entrepreneurial Attitude & Intentions Among University Students." International Conference on Advances in Business and Law (ICABL), vol. 2, no. 1, 2018, pp. 193–200.
27. Mehrabian, Albert, and James A. Russell. An Approach to Environmental Psychology. The MIT Press, 1974.
28. Mehrotra, Santosh. "‘Make in India’: The Components of a Manufacturing Strategy for India." The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, vol. 63, no. 1, 2020, pp. 161–176.
29. Mitchell, Ronald K., et al. "Toward a Theory of Entrepreneurial Cognition: Rethinking the People Side of Entrepreneurship Research." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, vol. 27, no. 2, 2002, pp. 93–104.
30. Myers, James H., and Mark I. Alpert. "Determinant Buying Attitudes: Meaning and Measurement." Journal of Marketing, vol. 32, no. 4, 1968, pp. 13–20.
31. Nagpal, Pooja. "Organizational Commitment as an Outcome of Employee Engagement: A Social Exchange Perspective Using a SEM Model." International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 1, 2022, pp. 72–86.
32. Nagpal, Pooja, and Senthil Kumar. "A Study on Drivers and Outcomes of Employee Engagement – A Review of Literature Approach." Asia Pacific Journal of Research, vol. 4, no. 1, 2017, pp. 56–62.
33. Patil, U. S., et al. "Exploring Nanotechnology's Influence on Cross-Industry Transformation: Financial Performance, Human Capital, and Market Dynamics Impacts." Nanotechnology Perceptions, vol. 14, 2024, pp. 707–718.
34. Reimers-Hild, Connie I. Locus of Control, Need for Achievement and Risk-Taking Propensity: A Framework for the ‘Entrepreneurial’ Learner of the 21st Century. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, PhD Dissertation. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI3180813.
35. Ravindra, H. V., and Pooja Nagpal. "A Study on Willful Defaults with Special Reference to ‘Kings of Good Times’, Dr. Vijay Mallya’s Kingfisher Airlines." National Journal of Indian Journal of Research in Commerce, Management, Engineering & Applied Science, vol. 9, no. 1, 2016, pp. 77–95.
36. Bennyson, Rene L. C. Cooperative Development of a Technical, Entrepreneurial Mindset in Manufacturing. Springer Nature, 2023. 20th International Conference on Cooperative Design, Visualization and Engineering, CDVE 2023, Mallorca, Spain.
37. Rajagopal, N. K., et al. "Green HR Techniques: A Sustainable Strategy to Boost Employee Engagement." Advancements in Business for Integrating Diversity and Sustainability: How to Create a More Equitable and Resilient Business World in the Developing World, Routledge, 2024, pp. 104–107.
38. Shrivastava, A., et al. "IoT Based RFID Attendance Monitoring System of Students Using Arduino ESP8266 & Adafruit.io on Defined Area." Cybernetics and Systems, vol. 56, no. 1, 2025, pp. 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2023.2166243.
39. Shankar, S. G., et al. "Revolution Agri-Food Systems: Leveraging Digital Innovations for Equitable Sustainability and Resilience." African Journal of Biological Sciences (South Africa), vol. 6, no. 8, 2023, pp. 520–530.
40. Sabiu, I. T., et al. "An Empirical Analysis of the Need for Achievement Motivation in Predicting Entrepreneurial Persistence in Bumiputra Entrepreneurs in Terengganu, Malaysia." International Journal of Business and Globalisation, vol. 20, no. 2, 2018, pp. 190–202.